Is it a cold or just allergies? - Fairfax Family Practice Centers

Is this a cold or just allergies?

Most people think of spring when they think of allergies—and they’re not wrong. Spring is peak tree pollen season. But what many people don’t realize is that allergies can affect you year-round. Grass pollen often becomes the biggest trigger in the summer, ragweed peaks in the fall, and in the winter indoor allergens like mold can actually be at their highest.

If you’re dealing with a runny nose, congestion or sneezing, how do you know if it’s allergies or just a cold? Let’s break it down.

Allergy Symptons

Allergies tend to come on suddenly. One day you feel fine, and the next you’re sneezing constantly with itchy eyes and a clear, watery runny nose. Those symptoms are classic for allergies. You typically won’t have a fever, and many people notice their symptoms flare up after being outdoors or around specific triggers.

Allergy symptoms can last for weeks—or even longer—especially if you’re continually exposed to triggers.

Cold Symptons

Colds are a little different. They usually develop more gradually over a few days. You might start with a scratchy throat, then feel more fatigued, develop thicker mucus and sometimes even a low-grade fever. Unlike allergies, colds are caused by viruses and typically improve within seven to 10 days. Colds typically follow a more predictable course and resolve relatively quickly.

Why is April peak allergy season?

So why do allergies happen in the first place? First, take a look around. Are trees greener? Are flowers blooming? Is your once white car suddenly yellow? Allergy triggers are everywhere, but it ultimately comes down to your immune system.

In people with allergies, the immune system overreacts to harmless substances like pollen, dust, or pet dander, treating them like a threat.

The good news? There are simple steps you can take to reduce symptoms. Try keeping your windows closed during high pollen days, showering after spending time outdoors and using HEPA filters in your home. It’s also helpful to check local pollen counts so you can plan ahead.

Don’t wait until symptoms get severe. Starting treatment early—like over-the-counter antihistamines or nasal steroid sprays—can make a big difference in how you feel.

If you’re not sure what you’re dealing with, or if your symptoms aren’t improving, don’t hesitate to reach out. Your primary care provider can help you find the right diagnosis and the best treatment plan so you can start feeling better sooner.

This post was written by Broadlands Family Practice – Brambleton physician K. Michael Rodriguez, MD, FAAFP. New to FFPC? Find a location near you.